tugas2

A verb complement is the arrangement of one verb as the object of another verb.

1. The infinitive form of a verb is usually preceded by to (e.g., to run, to dance, to think). The infinitive form is not always preceded by to.

• I need to run every day. (The infinitive form with the word to is called the full infinitive or to-infinitive.)
• I must run every day. (After certain verbs, the to is dropped (more on this below).)
• I run every day. (This is not in the infinitive form. This is a finite verb, i.e., a verb functioning as the main verb.)

2. Verb followed by gerund, Often we use the gerund for an action that happens before or at the same time as the action of the main verb.

• I like playing soccer but I hate boxing 

• I am interested in collecting stamps

• After playing football I drank an orange juice

3. The most commonly used adjective + preposition combinations that can be followed by gerunds:
Nancy was concerned about being late.

• The organization is dedicated to ending poverty. 

• That actor is famous for being extremely weird.

4. Verbs followed by preposition + gerund: Prepositional verbs consist of a verb and a preposition (or sometimes more than one). As prepositions are followed by noun phrases, so are prepositional verbs.

Let's take a look at the examples of verbs followed by preposition + gerund.

• John gave up smoking because of his doctor’s advice. 

• Mary insisted on taking the bus instead of the plane. 

• Fred confessed to stealing the jewels.

Referensi:

• http://www.grammar-monster.com/glossary/infinitive_form.htm 

• http://www.myenglishpages.com/site_php_files/grammar-lesson-gerund-infinitive.php#.U2EcmM7-3tQ

• http://www.englishpage.com/gerunds/adjective_prep_gerund_list.htm 

• http://learning.englishgoes.com/grammar/verb-follow-preposition-gerund.php

tugas 1

1.                  The present perfect is a grammatical combination of the present tense and the perfect aspect, used to express a past event that has present consequences. The term is used particularly in the context of English grammar, where it refers to forms such as "I have left" and "Sue has died". These forms are present because they use the present tense of the auxiliary verb have, and perfect because they use that auxiliary in combination with the past participle of the main verb. (Other perfect constructions also exist, such as the past perfect: "I had eaten.")

Kalimat	Rumus	Contoh Present Perfect Tense
positif (+)	S + aux. verb(have/has) + V-3/past participle	I have read
		He has left
negatif (-)	S + aux. verb(have/has) + not + V-3/past participle	I have not read
		He hasn’t left
interogatif (?)	aux. verb(have/has) + S + V-3/past participle	Have I read
		Has he left

            The simple past or past simple, sometimes called the preterite, is the basic form of the past tense in Modern English. It is used principally to describe events in the past, although it also has some other uses. Regular English verbs form the simple past in -ed; however there are a few hundred irregular verbs with different forms. The term "simple" is used to distinguish the syntactical construction whose basic form uses the plain past tense alone, from other past tense constructions which use auxiliaries in combination with participles, such as the past perfect and past progressive.

Jenis Kalimat	Rumus	Contoh Simple Past Tense
positif (+)	S + Verb-2 (past tense) S + be(was/were)	The teacher came
		I was a stamp collector
negatif (-)	S + did + not + bare infinitive S + be(was/were) + not	The teacher didn’t come
		I wasn’t a stamp collector
interogatif (?)	Did + S + bare infinitive be(was/were) + S	Did the teacher come
		Was I a stamp collector

2.                  Subject verb agreement refers to the fact that the subject and verb in a sentence must agree in number. In other words, they both must be singular or they both must be plural. You can’t have a singular subject with a plural verb or vice versa. The tricky part is in knowing the singular and plural forms of subjects and verbs.

Singular and plural subjects, or nouns, are usually pretty easy. In most cases the plural form of a noun has an “s” at the end. Like this:

Car – singular

Cars – plural

Verbs don’t follow this pattern, though. Adding an “s” to a verb doesn’t make a plural. Here’s what I mean:

Walk

Walks

Which one is the singular form and which is the plural form? Here’s a tip for you. Ask yourself which would you use with the word they and which would you use with he or she.

He walks.

She walks.

They walk.

Since he and she are singular pronouns walks is a singular verb. The word they is plural so walk is the plural form.

Here are some more guidelines for subject verb agreement.

1.  When two singular subjects are joined by the words or or nor a singular verb is in order.

My sister or my brother is meeting you at the airport.

2.  Two singular subjects joined by either/or or neither/nor also need a singular verb.

Neither Carla nor Jeff is available to meet you at the airport.

Either Angie or Jeff is meeting at the airport.

3.                  possessive pronoun is used instead of a noun:

·         Julie's car is red. Mine is blue.

A possessive adjective is usually used to describe a noun, and it comes before it, like other adjectives:

·         My car is bigger than her car.

Remember:

There are no apostrophes in possessive pronouns and adjectives.

The dog wagged its tail.

“It's” is not a possessive pronoun or adjective — it means “it is”:

It's not my dog.

4.                  A collective noun is:

• a word used to name a group of people, animals, or things
• similar to a non-countable noun and the opposite of a countable noun
• important for subject - verb agreement

For Examples:

·           a pride of lions (refers to a group of lions)

·           a herd of cattle (refers to a group of domestic cattle)

·           a flock of birds (refers to a group of flying birds)

 ratu gingga mentari 15210675 4ea18

http://www.wordsmile.com/pengertian-rumus-dan-contoh-kalimat-simple-past-tense

http://www.k12reader.com/subject-verb-agreement/

http://funeasyenglish.com/american-english-grammar-collective-noun.htm

http://web2.uvcs.uvic.ca/elc/studyzone/330/grammar/poss.htm

http://www.wordsmile.com/pengertian-rumus-dan-contoh-kalimat-present-perfect-tense

bahasa inggris bisnis 2

 My nephew

            Keyza is an adorable little boy. He has a long name Keyza Putra Mahardika. 3 years old little boy hat made me exasperated by his beharvior. He is very active and intelligent. I am very happy to have a nephew like keyza. He is very close to my mother.my mother and father a very spoiling my nephew. Keyza parents are eager to capten when he grows up.  I was exasperated to see keyza wearing a police uniform and captain’s hat belonging to his father. Keyza just smiled widely praised for his cute face.

            Tomorrow my father went to Borneo.My mother and i stayed at my sister’s house. There, i am vry happy to be playing with the cute niece. I have 3 nieces: Thalita, Keyza, and Raisa. Their hobby diverse,Keyza love to play with cars, Thalita enjoys reading and singing, and raisa happy to shout very adorable. As aunt, i am very happy to joke with them.

            Keyza very happy when his father buy a toy car. Each wants to sleep he always play car. He would cty when no one beside her toys. He is very happy to be given a gift toy car. And keyza will not come off with a toy car.

            Each of us to his house in Taman Kota, they are very happy. By the time i was always noisy with their behavior. Especially when it comes thalita,always compete with her brother. Any time is never deserted by their behavior. But i’m happy to hang out with my niece in the house.

·         The past tense is a grammatical tense whose principal function is to place an action or situation in past time. In languages which have a past tense, it thus provides a grammatical means of indicating that the event being referred to took place in the past.

Example :  i was there last night , she was sick last month.

·         The present tense is a grammatical tense whose principal function is to locate a situation or event in present time.^[1] The term "present tense" is usually used in descriptions of specific languages to refer to a particular grammatical form or set of forms; these may have a variety of uses, not all of which will necessarily refer to present time.

Example : Jihan is at home everyday, we watch tv every night.

·         In grammar, a future tense is a verb form that generally marks the event described by the verb as not having happened yet, but expected to happen in the future

Example : i shall be in bandung next year, you will sing tonight.

·         Singular is shows a single numbered objects. Example : i flew yhe plane yesterday, a flower to me.

·        Plural is shows an object amounts to plural. Example : i have a lot of books, the flowers bloom this afternoon.

·         Personal pronouns are pronouns that are associated primarily with a particular grammatical person – first person (as I), second person (as you), or third person (as he, she, it).

Example : my name is michael. I am fourteen . Bob, you are a bad boy!

·         A possessive form is a word or grammatical construction used to indicate a relationship of possession in a broad sense. In English, possession is in fact expressed in only about 40 percent of the situations labeled as "possessive" by some linguists, which is why many consider the term incorrect and misleading and instead prefer others, especially the more traditional term "genitive".

 Example : this new car is mine, my hair is vey fine. Yours is much thicker.

·         A reflexive pronoun is a pronoun that is preceded by the noun, adjective, adverb or pronoun to which it refers (its antecedent) within the same clause. In generative grammar, a reflexive pronoun is an anaphor that must be bound by its antecedent (see binding).

Example : the children are old enough to look after themselves. I lookes at myself in the mirror.

Nama  : ratu gingga mentari

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Kelas   : 4 ea 18